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Checking Specific Folder Name
Specific directories, such as "C:\Cuckoo", can serve as indicators of a sandboxed or virtualized environment when present on a guest system. Consequently, a savvy piece of malware could potentially use the detection of this particular directory as a means of evading analysis. This would allow the malicious software to alter its behavior or even halt its execution altogether when it …
Read moreBad String Format
Bad string format is a technique used by malware to evade detection and analysis by OllyDbg, a popular debugger used by security researchers and analysts. This technique involves using malformed strings that exploit a known bug in OllyDbg, causing the debugger to crash or behave unexpectedly.
For example, the malware may use a string with multiple %s inputs, which …
Read moreImage File Execution Options Injection
Image File Execution Options Injection, also known as IFEO Injection, is a technique used by malware to evade detection and persist on a compromised system.
The technique involves modifying the Image File Execution Options (IFEO) registry key, which is used by the Windows operating system to set debugging options for executable files. When an executable file is launched, the …
Read moreCall Trick
The call trick is an anti-disassembling technique that involves modifying the default function's return address. This can be used in conjunction with other techniques, such as the insertion of garbage bytes, to break disassemblers. Disassemblers that use recursive traversal or linear sweep may be particularly vulnerable to this trick, as they may be unable to accurately interpret the next instruction …
Read moreRegister Reassignment
Register reassignment is a technique used in code obfuscation and anti-disassembling to make reverse engineering and analysis more difficult. It involves modifying the instructions in a program to use different registers in different versions or instances of the program. This can make it more difficult for a reverse engineer or disassembler to understand the program's behavior, as the register assignments …
Read moreOpaque Predicate
Opaque predicate is a term used in programming to refer to decision making where there is only one possible outcome. This can be achieved through the use of complex or hard-to-understand logic, such as calculating a value that will always return True.
Opaque predicates are often used as anti-disassembling techniques, as they can make it difficult for an analyst …
Read moreIndicator Removal: Clear Windows Event Logs
![Defense Evasion [Mitre] icon](/media/2024/04/08/icons8-burglar.svg){kind=small}
Event logging is a process that records important software and hardware events from various sources and stores them in a centralized location called an event log. This service is commonly used by applications and operating systems to track and troubleshoot issues, and can be a valuable tool for forensic investigations.
Event logs can provide valuable information about the actions …
Read moreProcess Reimaging
Process Reimaging is a technique used to evade detection by endpoint security solutions. It is a variation of the Process Hollowing or Process Doppelganging techniques, which are used to execute arbitrary code in the context of another process.
The Windows operating system has inconsistencies in how it determines the locations of process image FILE_OBJECTs, which can impact the ability …
Read moreBypass User Account Control
Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system. Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges (tracked as integrity levels ranging from low to high) to perform a task under administrator-level permissions, possibly by prompting the user for confirmation.
The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement …
Read moreAnti Yara Rules
Yara rules are used by malware researchers to identify and classify malware based on specific characteristics and behaviors. These rules are powerful because they allow researchers to quickly and accurately detect malware, even if it has been modified to avoid detection. However, attackers can also modify their malware to avoid detection by Yara rules.
This is often seen with …
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