Hijack Execution Flow: Path Interception by Search Order Hijacking

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load other programs. Because some programs do not call other programs using the full path, adversaries may place their own file in the directory where the calling program is located, causing the operating system to launch their malicious software at the request of the calling program.

Hijack Execution Flow: Path Interception by Unquoted Path

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch.

Service paths and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the …

Hijack Execution Flow: Services File Permissions Weakness

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by services. Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions of Windows services to replace the binary that is executed upon service start. These service processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. If the permissions on the file system directory …

Hijack Execution Flow: Services Registry Permissions Weakness

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the Registry entries used by services. Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions for Registry keys related to services to redirect from the originally specified executable to one that they control, in order to launch their own code when a service starts. Windows stores local service configuration information in the Registry …

Hijack Execution Flow: COR_PROFILER

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may leverage the COR_PROFILER environment variable to hijack the execution flow of programs that load the .NET CLR. The COR_PROFILER is a .NET Framework feature which allows developers to specify an unmanaged (or external of .NET) profiling DLL to be loaded into each .NET process that loads the Common Language Runtime (CLR). These profilers are designed to monitor, troubleshoot, …

Hijack Execution Flow: KernelCallbackTable

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may abuse the KernelCallbackTable of a process to hijack its execution flow in order to run their own payloads. The KernelCallbackTable can be found in the Process Environment Block (PEB) and is initialized to an array of graphic functions available to a GUI process once user32.dll is loaded.

An adversary may hijack the execution flow of a process …

BITS Jobs

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may abuse BITS jobs to persistently execute code and perform various background tasks. Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is a low-bandwidth, asynchronous file transfer mechanism exposed through Component Object Model (COM). BITS is commonly used by updaters, messengers, and other applications preferred to operate in the background (using available idle bandwidth) without interrupting other networked applications. File transfer …

Modify Authentication Process

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to …

Modify Authentication Process: Domain Controller Authentication

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may patch the authentication process on a domain controller to bypass the typical authentication mechanisms and enable access to accounts.

Malware may be used to inject false credentials into the authentication process on a domain controller with the intent of creating a backdoor used to access any user’s account and/or credentials (ex: Skeleton Key). Skeleton key works through …

Modify Authentication Process: Password Filter DLL

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated.

Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers …

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Hijack Execution Flow: Path Interception by Search Order Hijacking

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Hijack Execution Flow: Path Interception by Unquoted Path

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Hijack Execution Flow: Services File Permissions Weakness

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Hijack Execution Flow: Services Registry Permissions Weakness

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Hijack Execution Flow: COR_PROFILER

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Hijack Execution Flow: KernelCallbackTable

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

BITS Jobs

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Modify Authentication Process

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Modify Authentication Process: Domain Controller Authentication

Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Modify Authentication Process: Password Filter DLL

Defense Evasion [Mitre]