Search Evasion Techniques
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Inserting Garbage Bytes Anti-Disassembly
Garbage bytes are random or meaningless data that is inserted into a program's code in order to make reverse engineering and analysis more difficult. This is an anti-disassembling technique, as the insertion of these random bytes can cause disassemblers to misinterpret the code and produce incorrect disassembly results.
The insertion of garbage bytes is usually used in conjunction with …
Opaque Predicate Anti-Disassembly
Opaque predicate is a term used in programming to refer to decision making where there is only one possible outcome. This can be achieved through the use of complex or hard-to-understand logic, such as calculating a value that will always return True.
Opaque predicates are often used as anti-disassembling techniques, as they can make it difficult for an analyst …
Thermal Zone Temperature Sandbox Evasion
The temperature sensor is used to know the current temperature of a machine. In a non-virtualized environment, the function returns valid support and output like: "25.05 C: 77.09 F: 298.2K". But for a fully virtualized environment, the return is "MSAcpi_ThermalZoneTemperature not supported" because this feature is not supported on virtualized processors.
Interestingly, this method is not valid. Not all …
GetForegroundWindow Sandbox Evasion
This technique uses the GetForegroundWindow and Sleep APIs to attempt to evade sandboxes. Many sandboxes do not alter the foreground window like a user would in a normal desktop environment.
It accomplishes this by making a call to GetForegroundWindow, which returns a handle to the current window. Then the malware sample will sleep for a short time, followed by …
OLEUM Process Manipulating
Edit controls are a type of user interface element that allows a user to enter and edit text in a graphical user interface (GUI). They are commonly used in Windows applications and can be embedded directly into a GUI or subclassed as a separate window. Edit controls can be set to display text in multiline mode, in which case they …
LocalSize(0) Anti-Debugging
The function LocalSize retrieves the current size of the specified local memory object, in bytes. By setting the hMem parameters with 0 will trigger an exception in a debugger that can be used as an anti-debugging mechanism.
Disabling Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) Anti-Forensic
Many EDR solutions leverage Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) extensively. ETW allows for extensive instrumentation and tracing of a process functionality and WINAPI calls. It has components in the kernel, to register callbacks for system calls and other kernel operations, but also consists of a userland component that is part of ntdll.dll.
Since ntdll.dll is a DLL loaded into …
ProcEnvInjection - Remote code injection by abusing process environment strings Process Manipulating
This method allows to inject custom code into a remote process without using WriteProcessMemory - It will use the lpEnvironment parameter in CreateProcess to copy the code into the target process. This technique can be used to load a DLL into a remote process, or simply execute a block of code.
The lpEnvironment parameter in CreateProcess allows us to …
Thwarting Stack-Frame Analysis Anti-Disassembly
Thwarting Stack-Frame Analysis is a technique used by malware to make it more difficult for security analysts to reverse engineer and analyze the code. A stack frame is a collection of data associated with a function, including local variables, arguments passed to the function, and the return address. Disassemblers can use information from the stack frame to understand a function's …
Tamper DLL Export Names & GetProcAddress Spoofing Process Manipulating
When a process is running, it is possible to change the results of the call to GetProcAddress API, for the exported functions of a module along with modifying the export's offsets and name at runtime.
For example, the offset of kernel32.dll's function VirtualAlloc can be change to the offset of another function. When VirtualAlloc is called (after getting its …