Search Evasion Techniques
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SMB / Named Pipes Network Evasion
Named Pipes are a feature of the Windows operating system that allow for inter-process communication (IPC) using a pipe metaphor. These are particularly useful in networking scenarios as they can be made accessible over a network and facilitate a client-server model of communication. The SMB (Server Message Block) protocol is commonly used in Windows environments for shared access to files, …
Mark-Of-The-Web (MOTW) Bypass Antivirus/EDR Evasion
Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) is a security feature originally introduced by Internet Explorer. When downloading a file, Internet Explorer creates an ADS named Zone.Identifier and adds a ZoneId to this stream to indicate from which zone the file originates. It is used on Windows OS to trigger a Windows Defender SmartScreen detection and raise an alert to the user about the file. …
Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify System Firewall Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may disable or modify system firewalls in order to bypass controls limiting network usage. Changes could be disabling the entire mechanism as well as adding, deleting, or modifying particular rules. This can be done numerous ways depending on the operating system, including via command-line, editing Windows Registry keys, and Windows Control Panel.
Modifying or disabling a system firewall may …
System Binary Proxy Execution: Msiexec Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi). The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft.
Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs. Since it may be …
System Binary Proxy Execution: Regsvcs/Regasm Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may abuse Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET Component Object Model (COM) assemblies. Both are binaries that may be digitally signed by Microsoft.
Both utilities may be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary …
Heap Flag Anti-Debugging
ProcessHeap
is located at 0x18
in the PEB structure. This first heap contains a header with fields used to tell the kernel whether the heap was created within a debugger. The heap contains two fields which are affected by the presence of a debugger. These fields are Flags
and ForceFlags
.
The values of Flags and ForceFlags
are normally set …
Direct Volume Access Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may directly access a volume to bypass file access controls and file system monitoring. Windows allows programs to have direct access to logical volumes. Programs with direct access may read and write files directly from the drive by analyzing file system data structures. This technique bypasses Windows file access controls as well as file system monitoring tools.
Utilities, such …
INT 0x2D Anti-Debugging
When the instruction INT2D
is executed, the exception EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT
is raised. Windows uses the EIP register as an exception address and then increments the EIP register value. Windows also examines the value of the EAX register while INT2D
is executed.
OutputDebugString Anti-Debugging
This Windows API is often used by developers for debugging purpose. It will display a text to the attached debugger. This API is also used by Malware to open a communication channel between one or multiple processes.
It is possible to use OutputDebugString in addition of GetLastError / SetLastError to detect debugger presence.
Hook Injection Process Manipulating
Hook injection is a technique used by malware to alter the behavior of internal functions in an operating system or application. This is typically achieved by inserting malicious code into existing function calls, allowing the malware to intercept and manipulate the normal flow of execution.
In the case of Windows, the SetWindowsHookEx
function can be used by programs to install …