Breaking BaDDEr Process Manipulating

Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) is a protocol that allows applications to share data with each other. The Dynamic Data Exchange Management Library (DDEML) is a set of functions that facilitate data sharing using the DDE protocol. DDE and DDEML are commonly used in Microsoft Office to enable data to be shared between applications. In October 2017, a vulnerability was discovered …

Windows File and Directory Permissions Modification Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files. File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, …

Masquerading: Double File Extension Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may abuse a double extension in the filename as a means of masquerading the true file type. A file name may include a secondary file type extension that may cause only the first extension to be displayed (ex: File.txt.exe may render in some views as just File.txt). However, the second extension is the true file type that determines how …

Subvert Trust Controls: SIP and Trust Provider Hijacking Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks. In user mode, Windows Authenticode digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be …

Subvert Trust Controls: Code Signing Policy Modification Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with. Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system.

Some …

Detecting Virtual Environment Artefacts Sandbox Evasion

Malware often checks for artifacts left by virtualization platforms to determine if it is running inside a virtual environment. Detecting such artifacts allows the malware to adapt its behavior, delay execution, or avoid exposing malicious functionality during analysis.

QEMU: QEMU registers artifacts in the Windows registry. For example, the key HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\Scsi\Scsi Port 0\Scsi Bus 0\Target Id 0\Logical …

Checking Specific Folder Name Sandbox Evasion

Specific directories, such as "C:\Cuckoo", can serve as indicators of a sandboxed or virtualized environment when present on a guest system. Consequently, a savvy piece of malware could potentially use the detection of this particular directory as a means of evading analysis. This would allow the malicious software to alter its behavior or even halt its execution altogether when it …

Checking Pipe Sandbox Evasion

Cuckoo is an open-source automated malware analysis system that performs dynamic analysis by running suspicious files in isolated virtual environments.

To facilitate communication between the host system (analysis environment) and the guest system (execution environment), Cuckoo uses a named pipe: \.\pipe\cuckoo

Detection Technique

Malware running inside the guest can check for the existence of this named pipe. …

VPCEXT Sandbox Evasion

The VPCEXT instruction (visual property container extender) is another anti–virtual machine trick used by malware to detect virtual systems. This technique is not documented. If the execution of the instruction does not generate an exception (illegal instruction), then the program is running on a virtual machine.

Onset Delay Sandbox Evasion

Malware will delay execution to avoid analysis by the sample. For example, a Ping can be perform during a time defined. Unlike extended sleep that will use the Sleep function, onset delay will use another way to delay execution.

The purpose of such evasive code is to delay the execution of malicious activity long enough so that automated analysis …

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