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Hook Injection
Hook injection is a technique used by malware to alter the behavior of internal functions in an operating system or application. This is typically achieved by inserting malicious code into existing function calls, allowing the malware to intercept and manipulate the normal flow of execution.
In the case of Windows, the SetWindowsHookEx function can be used by programs to …
DLL Injection via CreateRemoteThread and LoadLibrary
DLL Injection Via CreateRemoteThread and LoadLibrary is a technique used by malware to inject its code into a legitimate process. This technique is similar to hook injection, where the malware inserts a malicious DLL to be used by the system. It is one of the most common techniques used to inject malware into another process.
The malware writes the …
Read moreReflective DLL injection
Reflective DLL loading refers to loading a DLL from memory rather than from disk. Windows doesn’t have a LoadLibrary function that supports this, so to get the functionality you have to write your own, omitting some of the things Windows normally does, such as registering the DLL as a loaded module in the process, potentially bypassing DLL load monitoring.
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Read moreImage File Execution Options Injection
Image File Execution Options Injection, also known as IFEO Injection, is a technique used by malware to evade detection and persist on a compromised system.
The technique involves modifying the Image File Execution Options (IFEO) registry key, which is used by the Windows operating system to set debugging options for executable files. When an executable file is launched, the …
Read moreAPC injection
Malware can take advantage of Asynchronous Procedure Calls (APC) to force another thread to execute their custom code by attaching it to the APC Queue of the target thread.
Each thread has a queue of APCs which are waiting for execution upon the target thread entering alterable state.
A thread enters an alert table state if it calls …
Extra Window Memory Injection
Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).
Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of Extra Window Memory (EWM) to be appended to the allocated memory of each …
Read moreInjection using Shims
Microsoft provides Shims to developers mainly for backward compatibility. Shims allow developers to apply fixes to their programs without the need of rewriting code. By leveraging shims, developers can tell the operating system how to handle their application. Shims are essentially a way of hooking into APIs and targeting specific executables. Malware can take advantage of shims to target an …
Read morePE Injection
Instead of passing the address of the LoadLibrary, malware can copy its malicious code into an existing open process and force it to execute (either via a small shellcode, or by calling CreateRemoteThread).
One advantage of PE injection over the LoadLibrary technique is that the malware does not have to drop a malicious DLL on the disk. The …
DNS API Injection
DNS API injection is a technique used by malware to evade detection by intercepting and modifying DNS (Domain Name System) requests made by a host system. The technique involves injecting code into the DNS API (Application Programming Interface) of the host system, which is a set of functions and protocols that allow communication with the DNS service. By injecting code …
Read moreProcEnvInjection - Remote code injection by abusing process environment strings
This method allows to inject custom code into a remote process without using WriteProcessMemory - It will use the lpEnvironment parameter in CreateProcess to copy the code into the target process. This technique can be used to load a DLL into a remote process, or simply execute a block of code.
The lpEnvironment parameter in CreateProcess allows us to …