Search Evasion Techniques
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Execution Guardrails: Environmental Keying Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may environmentally key payloads or other features of malware to evade defenses and constraint execution to a specific target environment. Environmental keying uses cryptography to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target. Environmental keying is an implementation of Execution Guardrails that utilizes cryptographic techniques for deriving …
File Melt Others
File melting is a technique that malware uses to delete itself after it has been installed on a system. This is often done in order to avoid detection by antivirus programs or other security measures. The process of file melting involves overwriting the file with random data, making it impossible to recover the original file or to detect the presence …
Detecting Online Sandbox Sandbox Evasion
Online sandbox has become very popular for malware analysis. Several malware authors employ such techniques to avoid detection and analysis. Some of these techniques will be summarized here.
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Any.Run uses a fake root certificate to spy on sandbox traffic. The first information about the system can be obtained by querying the information of the root certificate. In …
LocalSize(0) Anti-Debugging
The function LocalSize retrieves the current size of the specified local memory object, in bytes. By setting the hMem parameters with 0 will trigger an exception in a debugger that can be used as an anti-debugging mechanism.
Process Ghosting Process Manipulating
Process Ghosting is a technique used to bypass detection by manipulating the executable image when a process is loaded.
Windows attempts to prevent mapped executables from being modified. Once a file is mapped into an image section, attempts to open it with FILE_WRITE_DATA (to modify it) will fail with ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION. Deletion attempts via FILE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE/FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE fail with …
Killing Windows Event Log Anti-Forensic
Killing the Windows Event Log is a technique used by malware to prevent security professionals from detecting and analyzing it. Svchost.exe is a process that manages services on Windows operating systems.
By grouping multiple services into a single process, Svchost.exe conserves computing resources and reduces resource consumption. However, this also means that Svchost.exe manages the Event Log service, which …
Access Token Manipulation: Parent PID Spoofing Process Manipulating Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified.
One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the CreateProcess API call, which supports a parameter that defines the …
ProcEnvInjection - Remote code injection by abusing process environment strings Process Manipulating
This method allows to inject custom code into a remote process without using WriteProcessMemory - It will use the lpEnvironment parameter in CreateProcess to copy the code into the target process. This technique can be used to load a DLL into a remote process, or simply execute a block of code.
The lpEnvironment parameter in CreateProcess allows us to …
Misusing Structured Exception Handlers Anti-Disassembly
Misusing Structured Exception Handlers is a technique used by malware to make it more difficult for security analysts to reverse engineer the code. Structured Exception Handlers (SEH) are functions that are used to handle exceptions in a program. These can be misused by malware to fool disassemblers and make it harder to analyze the code. One way this is done …
Thwarting Stack-Frame Analysis Anti-Disassembly
Thwarting Stack-Frame Analysis is a technique used by malware to make it more difficult for security analysts to reverse engineer and analyze the code. A stack frame is a collection of data associated with a function, including local variables, arguments passed to the function, and the return address. Disassemblers can use information from the stack frame to understand a function's …