LOLbins Others

A lolbin (short for "Living Off the Land Binaries") is a legitimate Windows utility that can be used by adversaries to execute arbitrary commands. Various Windows utilities may be used to execute commands, possibly without invoking cmd. For example, the Program Compatibility Assistant (pcalua.exe) and components of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) are examples of lolbins that can be …

Inline Hooking Process Manipulating

Inline hooking is a technique used to intercept calls to target functions. It is commonly used by antiviruses, sandboxes, and malware to perform a variety of tasks, such as checking parameters, shimming, logging, spoofing returned data, and filtering calls.

The process of inline hooking involves directly modifying the code within the target function, usually by overwriting the first few …

Call Trick Anti-Disassembly

The call trick is an anti-disassembling technique that involves modifying the default function's return address. This can be used in conjunction with other techniques, such as the insertion of garbage bytes, to break disassemblers. Disassemblers that use recursive traversal or linear sweep may be particularly vulnerable to this trick, as they may be unable to accurately interpret the next instruction …

Inserting Garbage Bytes Anti-Disassembly

Garbage bytes are random or meaningless data that is inserted into a program's code in order to make reverse engineering and analysis more difficult. This is an anti-disassembling technique, as the insertion of these random bytes can cause disassemblers to misinterpret the code and produce incorrect disassembly results.

The insertion of garbage bytes is usually used in conjunction with …

Register Reassignment Anti-Disassembly

Register reassignment is a technique used in code obfuscation and anti-disassembling to make reverse engineering and analysis more difficult. It involves modifying the instructions in a program to use different registers in different versions or instances of the program. This can make it more difficult for a reverse engineer or disassembler to understand the program's behavior, as the register assignments …

Code Transposition Anti-Disassembly

Code transposition is a technique used by malware authors to evade detection and analysis by rearranging the instructions of a piece of code without changing its behavior. This technique is used to make the code more difficult to read and understand for disassemblers and reverse engineers, as well as to hide the true intent of the code.

There are …

Opaque Predicate Anti-Disassembly

Opaque predicate is a term used in programming to refer to decision making where there is only one possible outcome. This can be achieved through the use of complex or hard-to-understand logic, such as calculating a value that will always return True.

Opaque predicates are often used as anti-disassembling techniques, as they can make it difficult for an analyst …

Kill Process Anti-Monitoring

Malware often employs techniques to evade detection and hinder the efforts of security experts in analyzing its behavior. One notable method involves terminating processes associated with anti-virus software or monitoring tools.

For example, malware may specifically target processes like wireshark.exe, ida.exe, or procmon.exe, which are frequently used by analysts to observe and scrutinize running processes on a system. By …

Indicator Removal: Clear Windows Event Logs Anti-Forensic Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Event logging is a process that records important software and hardware events from various sources and stores them in a centralized location called an event log. This service is commonly used by applications and operating systems to track and troubleshoot issues, and can be a valuable tool for forensic investigations.

Event logs can provide valuable information about the actions …

Wiping or Encrypting Anti-Forensic

Anti-forensic techniques are methods used by malware to prevent security professionals from detecting and analyzing it. One way that malware can accomplish this is by using wiping or encryption techniques to remove its own trace from the system.

In some cases, malware may use wiping or encryption as a decoy, in order to distract security professionals and hide its …

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