Access Token Manipulation: Parent PID Spoofing Process Manipulating Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified.

One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the CreateProcess API call, which supports a parameter that defines the …

Anti-UPX Unpacking Others

Anti-UPX Unpacking is the technique to prevent malware from being unpacked by tools like UPX. UPX packed binary indicates that the section names starting with UPX followed by a number (UPX0 and UPX1) and the string “UPX!” at the end of the PE header. This UPX reference structure is located at the end of the PE header and the header …

Misusing Structured Exception Handlers Anti-Disassembly

Misusing Structured Exception Handlers is a technique used by malware to make it more difficult for security analysts to reverse engineer the code. Structured Exception Handlers (SEH) are functions that are used to handle exceptions in a program. These can be misused by malware to fool disassemblers and make it harder to analyze the code. One way this is done …

INT 0x2D Anti-Debugging

When the instruction INT2D is executed, the exception EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT is raised. Windows uses the EIP register as an exception address and then increments the EIP register value. Windows also examines the value of the EAX register while INT2D is executed.

Hijack Execution Flow: DLL Search Order Hijacking Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load DLLs. Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program. Hijacking DLL loads may be for the purpose of establishing persistence as well as elevating privileges and/or evading restrictions on file execution.

There are many ways an …

Access Token Manipulation: Token Impersonation/Theft Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may duplicate then impersonate another user's token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. An adversary can create a new access token that duplicates an existing token using DuplicateToken(Ex). The token can then be used with ImpersonateLoggedOnUser to allow the calling thread to impersonate a logged on user's security context, or with SetThreadToken to assign the impersonated token to …

Access Token Manipulation: Create Process with Token Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may create a new process with a different token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. Processes can be created with the token and resulting security context of another user using features such as CreateProcessWithTokenW and runas.

Creating processes with a different token may require the credentials of the target user, specific privileges to impersonate that user, or …

Access Token Manipulation: Make and Impersonate Token Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may make and impersonate tokens to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. If an adversary has a username and password but the user is not logged onto the system, the adversary can then create a logon session for the user using the LogonUser function. The function will return a copy of the new session's access token and the adversary …

Domain Policy Modification: Group Policy Modification Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may modify Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to subvert the intended discretionary access controls for a domain, usually with the intention of escalating privileges on the domain. Group policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). GPOs are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predicable network path \\SYSVOL\\Policies.

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Domain Policy Modification: Domain Trust Modification Defense Evasion [Mitre]

Adversaries may add new domain trusts or modify the properties of existing domain trusts to evade defenses and/or elevate privileges. Domain trust details, such as whether or not a domain is federated, allow authentication and authorization properties to apply between domains for the purpose of accessing shared resources. These trust objects may include accounts, credentials, and other authentication material applied …

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