Unhandled Exception Filter Anti-Debugging

An application-defined function that passes unhandled exceptions to the debugger, if the process is being debugged. Otherwise, it optionally displays an application error message box and causes the exception handler to be executed.

If an exception occurs and no exception handler is registered, the UnhandledExceptionFilter function will be called. It is possible to register a custom unhandled exception filter …

Jump With Same Target Anti-Disassembly

Jump with the same target is an anti-disassembling technique that involves using back-to-back conditional jump instructions that both point to the same target. This can make it difficult for a disassembler to accurately reconstruct the original instructions of the program, as the disassembler will not be able to determine the intended behavior of the program without actually executing it.

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Dynamically Computed Target Address Anti-Disassembly

Dynamically computed target addresses is an anti-disassembling technique that involves using dynamically computed addresses as the targets of branch instructions in a program. This can make it difficult for a disassembler to accurately reconstruct the original instructions of the program, as the disassembler will not be able to determine the correct target addresses for the branch instructions without actually executing …

Process Hollowing, RunPE Process Manipulating

Process hollowing is a technique used by malware to evade detection by injecting malicious code into a legitimate process. This technique involves creating a new instance of a legitimate process and replacing its original code with the malicious payload.

The process is the following:

CreateProcess: in a suspended mode with the CreationFlag at 0x0000 0004.
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Reflective DLL injection Process Manipulating

Reflective DLL loading refers to loading a DLL from memory rather than from disk. Windows doesn’t have a LoadLibrary function that supports this, so to get the functionality you have to write your own, omitting some of the things Windows normally does, such as registering the DLL as a loaded module in the process, potentially bypassing DLL load monitoring.

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Extra Window Memory Injection Process Manipulating

Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).

Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of Extra Window Memory (EWM) to be appended to the allocated memory of each …

CLIPBRDWNDCLASS Process Manipulating

CLIPBRDWNDCLASS is a window class that is registered by the Object Linking & Embedding (OLE) library (ole32.dll) to handle clipboard data. When a window of this class is created, it is assigned a number of window properties that store the addresses of various interfaces that are used to process clipboard data. These interfaces include the ClipboardDataObjectInterface, ClipboardRootDataObjectInterface, and …

Disabling Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) Anti-Forensic

Many EDR solutions leverage Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) extensively. ETW allows for extensive instrumentation and tracing of a process functionality and WINAPI calls. It has components in the kernel, to register callbacks for system calls and other kernel operations, but also consists of a userland component that is part of ntdll.dll.

Since ntdll.dll is a DLL loaded into …

INT 0x2D Anti-Debugging

When the instruction INT2D is executed, the exception EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT is raised. Windows uses the EIP register as an exception address and then increments the EIP register value. Windows also examines the value of the EAX register while INT2D is executed.

Trap Flag Anti-Debugging

There is a Trap Flag in the Flags register. Bit number 8 of the EFLAGS register is the trap flag. When the Trap Flag is set, a SINGLE_STEP exception is generated.

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