Search Evasion Techniques
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System Binary Proxy Execution: Regsvr32 Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may abuse Regsvr32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems. The Regsvr32.exe binary may also be signed by Microsoft.
Malicious usage of Regsvr32.exe may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules …
System Binary Proxy Execution: Rundll32 Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may abuse rundll32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. Using rundll32.exe, vice executing directly (i.e. Shared Modules), may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from normal operations. Rundll32.exe is commonly associated with executing DLL payloads (ex: rundll32.exe {DLLname, DLLfunction}).
Rundll32.exe can also be used to …
Template Injection Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may create or modify references in user document templates to conceal malicious code or force authentication attempts. For example, Microsoft’s Office Open XML (OOXML) specification defines an XML-based format for Office documents (.docx, xlsx, .pptx) to replace older binary formats (.doc, .xls, .ppt). OOXML files are packed together ZIP archives compromised of various XML files, referred to as parts, …
Traffic Signaling: Port Knocking Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may use port knocking to hide open ports used for persistence or command and control. To enable a port, an adversary sends a series of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports. After the sequence is completed, opening a port is often accomplished by the host based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.
…
Use Alternate Authentication Material: Pass the Hash Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may "pass the hash" using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that …
Call to Interrupt Procedure Anti-Debugging
This anti-debugging technique involves using the INT n
instruction to generate a call to the interrupt or exception handler specified with the destination operand.
To implement this technique, the int 0x03
instruction is executed, followed by a ret
(0xCD03, 0xC3) nested in a __try, __except block
. If a debugger is present, the except block will not be executed, …
AddVectoredExceptionHandler Anti-Debugging
The AddVectoredExceptionHandler
technique is an anti-debugging method that can detect the presence of debuggers using Vectored Exception Handlers. This technique works by calling AddVectoredExceptionHandler(1, ourHandler)
to register a top-level exception handler that will catch any exceptions raised by the process, including those generated by debuggers.
After this call has taken place, stepping through the code will trigger an EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP
…
Unloading Module with FreeLibrary Antivirus/EDR Evasion
Malware authors often use various techniques to evade detection by AV/EDR solutions. One such technique involves checking for the presence of AV/EDR DLLs that may be loaded in the malware's address space and attempting to unload them before executing their malicious code.
To do this, the malware first uses the GetModuleHandleA
function to retrieve a handle to the DLL, …
ScrubCrypt Packers
ScrubCrypt is a malware obfuscation and encryption framework, derived from the earlier JLaive Batchfuscator crypter. It is designed to aid cybercriminals in evading detection and analysis by using a variety of techniques to conceal and protect the malicious software.
ScrubCrypt is advertised on cybercrime forums to employ encryption, code morphing, and (allegedly) polymorphism to create obfuscated malware payloads that …
XSL Script Processing Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may bypass application control and obscure execution of code by embedding scripts inside XSL files. Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files are commonly used to describe the processing and rendering of data within XML files. To support complex operations, the XSL standard includes support for embedded scripting in various languages.
Adversaries may abuse this functionality to execute arbitrary files …