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Abusing the Return Pointer
Abusing the return pointer is an anti-disassembling technique that involves using the return instruction (RETN) in a way that is not expected by the disassembler. This can make it more difficult for the disassembler to accurately reconstruct the program's original instructions and can also make it more difficult for analysts to understand the program's behavior.
The RETN instruction is …
Read moreReturn Address Spoofing
Return Address Spoofing is a technique used in x64 architecture to bypass the limitations of the x64 fastcall mechanism. The traditional method of spoofing return addresses in x86 (e.g. using a ret in a game module as a trampoline) is not feasible in x64 due to caller cleanup and red zone.
To overcome this, the code creates a temporary …
Read moreRetrieve HDD Information
Malware can figure out if it's in a virtual environment by checking hard drive info. It looks for specific details like serial and model numbers. This is easier to spot in VirtualBox because it shows clues that it's running in a virtual space.
Malware uses this trick to avoid getting caught. It does this by using a special command …
Read moreCaesar Cipher
The Caesar Cipher is a simple encoding algorithm that was used during the Roman Empire to hide secret messages. In this algorithm, each letter of the plaintext is replaced with a letter that is a fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, if the shift value is 3, then the letter "A" would be replaced with "D", "B" …
Read moreAtom Bombing
Atom Bombing is a technique that utilizes Windows Atom Tables, which provide a global storage mechanism for strings, to inject malicious code into a target process.
The technique involves storing a shellcode in an Atom Table, then using the NtQueueApcThread function to force the targeted process to access the specific Atom, causing the injection to occur. To bypass Data …
Inline Hooking
Inline hooking is a technique used to intercept calls to target functions. It is commonly used by antiviruses, sandboxes, and malware to perform a variety of tasks, such as checking parameters, shimming, logging, spoofing returned data, and filtering calls.
The process of inline hooking involves directly modifying the code within the target function, usually by overwriting the first few …
Read moreNOP Sled
In computer security, a NOP slide is a sequence of NOP (no-operation) instructions that is inserted at the beginning of a code section. When a program branches to the start of this code section, it will "slide" through the NOP instructions until it reaches the desired, final destination. This technique is commonly used in software exploits to direct program execution …
Read moreCall Trick
The call trick is an anti-disassembling technique that involves modifying the default function's return address. This can be used in conjunction with other techniques, such as the insertion of garbage bytes, to break disassemblers. Disassemblers that use recursive traversal or linear sweep may be particularly vulnerable to this trick, as they may be unable to accurately interpret the next instruction …
Read moreWindows File and Directory Permissions Modification
![Defense Evasion [Mitre] icon](/media/2024/04/08/icons8-burglar.svg){kind=small}
Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files. File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, …
Read moreCall to Interrupt Procedure
This anti-debugging technique involves using the INT n instruction to generate a call to the interrupt or exception handler specified with the destination operand.
To implement this technique, the int 0x03 instruction is executed, followed by a ret (0xCD03, 0xC3) nested in a __try, __except block. If a debugger is present, the except block will not be executed, …