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IAT Hooking
IAT hooking is a way to run malicious code by modifying the Import Address Table of a specific executable. Consisting of replacing one legitimate function from imported DLL by a malicious one.
IAT hooking and inline hooking are generally known as userland rootkits. IAT hooking is a technique that malware uses to change the import address table. When a …
Read moreCtrl+Inject
The "Control Signal Handler Callback" technique involves injecting malicious code into a process by using a callback function for control signal handlers. When a control signal, such as Ctrl+C, is received by a process, the system creates a new thread to execute a function to handle the signal. This thread is typically created by the legitimate process "csrss.exe" in the …
Read moreCOM Hijacking
COM hijacking is a technique used by adversaries to insert malicious code into the Windows operating system through the Microsoft Component Object Model (COM).
COM is a system that allows software components to interact with each other, and adversaries can abuse this system to execute their own code in place of legitimate software. To achieve this, they alter references …
Read moreLOLbins
A lolbin (short for "Living Off the Land Binaries") is a legitimate Windows utility that can be used by adversaries to execute arbitrary commands. Various Windows utilities may be used to execute commands, possibly without invoking cmd. For example, the Program Compatibility Assistant (pcalua.exe) and components of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) are examples of lolbins that can be …
Read moreDNS Tunneling
![Defense Evasion [Mitre] icon](/media/2024/04/08/icons8-burglar.svg){kind=small}
DNS tunneling is a technique that uses the Domain Name System (DNS) protocol to transfer data in an encrypted and covert manner. It involves encoding the data of other programs or protocols in DNS queries and responses, and using DNS servers as a means of communication.
To carry out DNS tunneling, the attacker typically needs access to a compromised …
Read moreCloudEye/DarkEye
CloudEyE, an evolved version of DarkEyE, allows threat actors to use different types of malware of their choice and make it undetectable to anti-virus solutions. This program is being sold by legitimate Italian company which markets it as a tool for developers that want to protect their program from piracy and reverse engineering. The tutorials published and forum posts about …
Read moreDLL Proxying
DLL proxying is a technique used by malware to evade detection and gain persistence on a system. It involves replacing a legitimate DLL with a malicious DLL that has the same exported functions and is named similarly to the legitimate DLL.
When a program attempts to load the legitimate DLL, it will instead load the malicious DLL, which acts …
Read moreHijack Execution Flow: Executable Installer File Permissions Weakness
Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by an installer. These processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten …
Read moreHijack Execution Flow: Services File Permissions Weakness
Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by services. Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions of Windows services to replace the binary that is executed upon service start. These service processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. If the permissions on the file system directory …
Read moreHijack Execution Flow: KernelCallbackTable
Adversaries may abuse the KernelCallbackTable of a process to hijack its execution flow in order to run their own payloads. The KernelCallbackTable can be found in the Process Environment Block (PEB) and is initialized to an array of graphic functions available to a GUI process once user32.dll is loaded.
An adversary may hijack the execution flow of a process …
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