Search Evasion Techniques
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Subvert Trust Controls: SIP and Trust Provider Hijacking Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks. In user mode, Windows Authenticode digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be …
System Binary Proxy Execution: Rundll32 Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may abuse rundll32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. Using rundll32.exe, vice executing directly (i.e. Shared Modules), may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from normal operations. Rundll32.exe is commonly associated with executing DLL payloads (ex: rundll32.exe {DLLname, DLLfunction}).
Rundll32.exe can also be used to …
Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion: System Checks Defense Evasion [Mitre]
Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions …
Right-to-Left Override (RLO) Extension Spoofing Others
The Right-to-Left Override (RLO) character (U+202E) is a Unicode control character used for bidirectional text formatting. It affects the way text is displayed, causing text following the RLO character to be rendered from right to left, which is typically used in languages like Arabic and Hebrew.
However, malicious actors have found a way to exploit this Unicode …
PE Format Manipulation Antivirus/EDR Evasion
Evading signature can also be performed by modifying the PE structure (changing section names, TimeDateStamp, MajorLinkerVersion/MinorLinkerVersion, Major/Minor OperatingSystemVersion and ImageVersion/MinorImageVersion, AddressOfEntryPoint, Maximum number of sections, File length.
EventPairHandles Anti-Debugging
An EventPair Object is an event constructed by two _KEVENT structures which are conventionally named High and Low.
There is a relation between generic Event Objects and Debuggers because they must create a custom event called DebugEvent able to handle exceptions. Due to the presence of events owned by the Debugger, every information relative to the events of a …
Detecting Window with FindWindow API Anti-Debugging Anti-Monitoring
The FindWindowA / FindWindowW function can be used to search for windows by name or class.
It is also possible to use EnumWindows API in conjunction with GetWindowTextLength and GetWindowText to locate a piece of string that could reveal the presence of a known debugger.
Some Known Debuggers
- ImmunityDebugger
- OllyDbg
- IDA
- x64dbg / …
API Obfuscation Anti-Disassembly
API obfuscation is a technique used by malware to make it more difficult for security analysts to understand and analyze the code. This is typically done by using a technique called API hashing, which replaces the names of API functions with a hashed value. When an analyst runs the malware through a disassembler tool, the hashed values are printed instead …
SuspendThread Anti-Debugging
Suspending threads is a technique used by malware to disable user-mode debuggers and make it more difficult for security analysts to reverse engineer and analyze the code. This can be achieved by using the SuspendThread function from the kernel32.dll library or the NtSuspendThread function from the NTDLL.DLL library.
The malware can enumerate the threads of a given process, or …
Reflective DLL injection Process Manipulating
Reflective DLL loading refers to loading a DLL from memory rather than from disk. Windows doesn’t have a LoadLibrary function that supports this, so to get the functionality you have to write your own, omitting some of the things Windows normally does, such as registering the DLL as a loaded module in the process, potentially bypassing DLL load monitoring.
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